Start with the 50 percent rule
A common guideline is that if the repair costs more than about half the price of a comparable new appliance, replacement is worth serious consideration. If the repair costs a quarter or less of a new unit, repair is usually sensible. In between, look at age and reliability.
Consider the age of the appliance
Typical life spans vary by appliance. As rough ranges, refrigerators often last 10 to 15 years, washers and dryers about 10 to 13, dishwashers about 9 to 12, and ranges and ovens 13 to 15 or more. These are broad estimates. A well-maintained appliance can last longer, and a heavily used one may fall short. If your unit is near or past the typical life span and the repair is not small, replacement may be the better value.
Look at the repair history
If this is the second or third repair in a year, expect more problems. A single failure on a reliable machine is different from a pattern. Keep receipts so you can track repairs.
Factor in energy and water use
Newer refrigerators, washers, and dishwashers can use noticeably less energy and water than models from 15 or 20 years ago. If your appliance is old, the savings on utility bills can partially offset the cost of a new unit. Check the yellow EnergyGuide label or the ENERGY STAR listing for a model you are considering.
Account for the full cost of replacement
The price tag is only part of it. Delivery, installation, haul-away, new hoses or vent kits, and electrical or gas work can add to the cost. Built-in or custom-fit units can need cabinetry changes. Add up the full number before comparing it to a repair estimate.
Quick examples
- Dryer, 6 years old, $180 heating element: repair makes sense.
- Refrigerator, 14 years old, $900 sealed-system repair: replacement is likely the better choice.
- Dishwasher, 5 years old, $200 drain pump: repair is reasonable.
- Washer, 12 years old, $600 bearing repair: replacement deserves a hard look.
These are illustrations, not advice for your specific situation. Your provider's diagnosis and your budget matter more.
Get a written estimate
Ask for a written estimate that lists parts, labor, fees, and warranty. Use our estimate checklist and compare against general cost ranges. If a repair is likely, request service.
Quick answers
How do I know if an appliance is worth fixing?
Compare the repair estimate with the price of a similar new unit, and consider age and repair history.
Should I replace a 12-year-old fridge?
It depends on the repair. A small repair can be worthwhile, but a costly sealed-system issue often favors replacement.
Can a provider tell me whether to replace?
They can give a diagnosis and estimate. The decision is yours.